PIN Examples

This page provides minimal, practical examples of PIN v1.0.0 by showing how a Rule System can assign single-letter identifiers to a game’s piece set.

PIN does not reserve letters: every mapping below is a context convention.

Conventions used in this page

Piece Side:
- uppercase (A–Z) → Side first
- lowercase (a–z) → Side second
Terminal Pieces:
- ^ marks a Terminal Piece (e.g. K^, k^)
Piece State:
- + and - are state modifiers whose meaning is defined by the Rule System.
- In these examples, + is sometimes used to encode rule-relevant states such as promotion, “river crossed”, or castling eligibility. PIN only encodes the marker; it does not define the rules.

Western Chess (standard set + optional state conventions)

Piece	PIN (first / second)	Notes
King	`K^`, `k^`	Terminal piece.
Queen	`Q`, `q`
Rook	`R`, `r`	Optional convention: no prefix may mean “not eligible to castle” (this rook or its king has moved).
Rook (castling temporarily blocked)	`-R`, `-r`	Optional convention: `-` may mean “castling rights preserved but temporarily blocked” (path obstructed or king would pass through check). May become available if the position changes.
Rook (castling available)	`+R`, `+r`	Optional convention: `+` may mean “castling rights preserved and currently executable” (clear path, king not in or passing through check).
Bishop	`B`, `b`
Knight	`N`, `n`
Pawn	`P`, `p`
Pawn (vulnerable to en passant)	`-P`, `-p`	Optional convention: `-` may mean “this pawn is vulnerable to en passant capture” (just advanced two squares).
Pawn (initial two-step available)	`+P`, `+p`	Optional convention: `+` may mean “this pawn may still advance two squares”.

Japanese Shōgi (standard set with promotion encoded as `+`)

Unpromoted pieces:

Piece	PIN (first / second)	Notes
King	`K^`, `k^`	Terminal piece.
Rook	`R`, `r`
Bishop	`B`, `b`
Gold	`G`, `g`
Silver	`S`, `s`
Knight	`N`, `n`
Lance	`L`, `l`
Pawn	`P`, `p`

Promoted pieces (common convention: promotion as Enhanced State):

Piece (promoted)	PIN (first / second)
Promoted rook	`+R`, `+r`
Promoted bishop	`+B`, `+b`
Promoted silver	`+S`, `+s`
Promoted knight	`+N`, `+n`
Promoted lance	`+L`, `+l`
Promoted pawn	`+P`, `+p`

Chinese Xiangqi (standard set + contextual state examples)

Piece	PIN (first / second)	Notes
General	`G^`, `g^`	Terminal piece.
General (flying capture available)	`+G^`, `+g^`	Optional convention: `+` may mean the “flying general” capture is currently available (generals aligned on a file with no intervening pieces), as defined by the Rule System.
Advisor	`A`, `a`
Elephant	`E`, `e`
Horse	`H`, `h`
Chariot	`R`, `r`
Cannon	`C`, `c`
Soldier	`S`, `s`
Soldier (river crossed)	`+S`, `+s`	Optional convention: `+` may mean “this soldier has crossed the river” (and therefore has additional movement options), as defined by the Rule System.

Thai Makruk (standard set)

Piece naming varies across sources and languages; the mapping below is a minimal convention.

Piece	PIN (first / second)	Notes
King (khun)	`K^`, `k^`	Terminal piece.
Queen (met)	`M`, `m`	Moves like the ferz in shatranj.
Rook (rua)	`R`, `r`
Knight (ma)	`N`, `n`
Bishop (khon)	`S`, `s`	Moves like the silver general in Shōgi.
Pawn (bia)	`P`, `p`
Promoted pawn (bia ngai)	`+P`, `+p`	A pawn is promoted after reaching the 6th rank. It then becomes a Bia Ngai (reversed pawn).

Ambiguity across contexts

PIN tokens are context-dependent: the same letter may represent different Piece Names in different games or variants. This is expected.

Within a single Game / Rule System, mappings SHOULD remain stable and unambiguous for interoperability.